（耶路撒冷）－人權觀察今天發布影片說明，關於2023年10月7日哈馬斯領導槍手攻擊的四段影片經查核屬實，顯示三起故意殺人實況。相關攻擊行為應以涉嫌戰爭罪予以調查。
2023年10月7日清晨，成群結隊的武裝男子突破以色列與加沙邊界圍籬，入侵以色列南部地區。據以色列官員表示，至少1,400人被殺害，其中多為平民，包括兒童。人權觀察將持續針對這些事件及其他相關事件進行戰爭罪調查。
「由這些攻擊行動可見，國際刑事法院正在進行中的調查十分重要，」人權觀察危機與衝突部主任艾達・索耶（Ida Sawyer）說。「國際刑事法院檢察官已表明，她可能就巴勒斯坦武裝團體在以色列以及以色列當局在加沙的嚴重犯罪展開調查。」
在10月7日屠殺事件後，以色列隨即對加沙發動數千次空襲作為回應，加沙衛生部表示有數千人遭到殺害，包括許多兒童。加沙武裝團體則向以色列平民居住區發射數千枚火箭彈，造成更多傷亡。
以色列自2007年起持續封鎖加沙走廊，並對巴勒斯坦人進行了數十年的有系統鎮壓。
國際人道法（或稱武裝衝突法）嚴禁以平民為攻擊目標，故意攻擊和殺害平民是觸犯戰爭罪的行為。衝突一方違法和侵犯人權不能作為另一方違法（包括攻擊平民）的理由。
閱讀這支影片的文字描述
On the morning of October 7, 2023, heavily-armed Hamas-led fighters breached the fences with Gaza and entered southern Israel.
They killed at least 1,400 people, many of them civilians, including children, according to the Israeli military in their homes, in bomb shelters, and on roads as they fled.
Since October 7, Israel has responded with thousands of airstrikes on Gaza, killing thousands of people, including hundreds of children, according to officials.
Armed groups in Gaza have fired thousands of rockets into civilian areas of Israel, further inflicting casualties.
Since 2007, Israel has maintained a closure on the Gaza Strip and, for decades, systematically repressed Palestinians.
Under international law, there can be no justification for targeting civilians.
Human Rights Watch investigations into grave abuses in Israel and Palestine are ongoing.
The Digital Investigations Lab at Human Rights Watch is reviewing hundreds of photos and videos showing unfolding abuses.
As part of this work, the research team has verified a series of videos dashcam and security camera footage from October 7 shared on Telegram by The South First Responders.
The videos show gunmen targeting people in the vicinity of the Supernova music festival, near Re’im in Southern Israel, and in Israeli border communities.
Human Rights Watch is investigating these attacks and others as war crimes.
The first video, taken at 7:55 am, according to the timestamp, shows seven gunmen, including several who scream in Arabic and kick a shirtless man near the Re’im Junction bus stop, a few minutes’ walk south from the festival grounds.
All four videos analyzed by researchers include coordinates or a description of the location,in addition to a time and date stamp.
The Digital Investigations Lab used this information, analyzing satellite imagery and open source data as well as the shadows in each video, to verify the location and timing.
In the first video, one gunman shouts, "guys, inside, inside here," and they appear to argue about the inside of a shelter.
Another gunman throws a device into the shelter. A man dressed in civilian clothes dashes out
The gunmen scream, take aim,and shoot at him as he tries to flee.
Seconds later, there is an explosion inside the shelter.
It is unclear from the footage if either man in the video survived.
In a second video, captured around 8:43 am, a fatally shot man in civilian clothing bleeds on the ground in front of Kibbutz Mefalsim, some 24 kilometers from the bus stop in Re’im.
A group of gunmen congregate in front of a structure close to the dead man, and one throws a device towards the structure.
15 seconds later, there is an explosion and a gunman drags out an individual shoots them at close range, and beats them with the butt of his rifle as the other gunmen look on.
In a third video, taken at 9:23 am that same day, footage shows a dusty parking lot next to the Supernova festival grounds,
A gunman shoots towards a bloodied man in civilian clothing crouching next to a car before leading him off camera.
Another man, who briefly looks up and moves his leg before lying still, is on the ground behind a vehicle.
He does not appear armed.
A gunman runs up to him, aims the rifle at his head, and shoots him at close range.
His body jolts from the impact, and then goes limp.
In a fourth video, captured by the same dashcam just over two and a half hours later, at 12:12 pm, the victim is seen lying on the ground in the same position, unmoving, indicating he may be dead.
Men with the gunmen are seen taking small items out of his pockets before looting the car, where they find a woman hiding inside.
They lead her away, off camera.
Her fate is unknown.
Intentionally targeting and killing civilians are war crimes under international humanitarian law.
Over the coming weeks and months, Human Rights Watch will share additional research findings, building out a body of evidence of grave abuses in Israel and Palestine, and calling for perpetrators to be held to account.
人權觀察分析的這三起事件都是在10月7日被行車記錄器和保全攝影機拍下。相關影片由「南方急救員」（South First Responders）帳號分享至Telegram。
人權觀察核實這批影片的方式是，查核每一段影片的座標、時間戳記和日期戳記，並比對衛星影像、開源影像和陰影以確認事件發生的時間地點。
事件1
在一段經核實影片中，即行車記錄器在上午7:55拍攝的畫面，可看到七名持槍男子（其中數人操阿拉伯語喊叫）踢打一名上身赤膊男子，地點在雷伊姆（Re’im）交叉路口公車站旁的防空洞外，即遇襲的「超新星」（Supernova）音樂節會場以南徒步幾分鐘之處。一名槍手用阿拉伯語大喊「兄弟們！裡面，這個裡面！」，眾槍手短暫爭論後，另一名槍手朝防空洞投入不明物體。隨即，一名著平民服裝男子衝出，眾槍手大叫並瞄準這名企圖逃走的男子，從他背後予以射擊。在他們開槍同時，防空洞內發生爆炸。影片在此中斷，兩名男子生死不明。美國有線電視新聞網（CNN）於10月9日到達這座防空洞採訪，據報洞內遍布血跡。
事件2
在第二段經核實的影片中，即保全攝影機於上午8:43拍攝的畫面，可看到一名著平民服裝男子似遭槍擊死亡倒臥血泊，地點在梅法勒西姆基布茲（Kibbutz Mefalsim）外，距雷伊姆公車站約24公里。多名槍手包圍死者遺體旁一座建築物，其中一人朝建築物投入不明物體。15秒後，建築物內部發生爆炸，槍手拖出一人予以近距離射殺並以槍托重擊，其他槍手在旁圍觀。
事件3
在第三段經核實影片中，即上午9:23拍攝的行車記錄器畫面，可以看到超新星音樂節場地旁沙土地上的臨時停車場。背景有黑煙升起。一名槍手朝一名蹲在汽車旁身穿染血平民服裝的男子開槍，然後將他拽到畫面外。另一名似乎無武裝的男子在一輛汽車車尾下面稍微抬頭伸腿後倒臥不動。一名槍手見狀跑到他身邊，以步槍瞄準他的頭部開槍。他的身體因中彈抽動了一下，隨即癱軟。
第四段經核實的影片，由同一具行車記錄器在兩個半小時後即下午12:12拍攝並上傳社交媒體，被害人以同樣姿態倒臥原處一動不動，很可能已經死亡。數名男子從被害人口袋取出一些小東西，隨後洗劫車內物品，並找到藏身車內的一名女子。他們把女子帶走，離開畫面。她的遭遇不明。
國際刑事法院檢察官可以針對此次衝突中以色列和巴勒斯坦武裝團體雙方被控的戰爭罪行進行調查。2021年3月3日，國際刑事法院檢察官辦公室已就2014年6月13日以後發生在巴勒斯坦領土內的重大犯罪指控立案調查。巴勒斯坦於2015年4月1日成為國際刑事法院成員之一。人權觀察於10月13日呼籲國際刑事法院儘速公開說明該法院對於當前巴勒斯坦武裝團體和以色列的衝突具有何種職權。
人權觀察未來將持續公布相關研究發現，為以色列與巴勒斯坦境內重大人權迫害累積證據，並呼籲追究相關人員罪責。
